The presidents of Sierra Leone, Benin and Cape Verde were to brief Nigeria’s president later Wednesday in Abuja, Nigeria, after they left Ivory Coast without Gbagbo, whom they hoped to accompany into exile. Nigeria is the most powerful member of the 15-nation regional bloc ECOWAS, which has vowed to use “legitimate force” if Gbagbo does not relinquish power.
The military option apparently remained on the table for ECOWAS, which has sent combat troops to at least three African states in the past two decades.
A big pro-Gbagbo demonstration planned for Wednesday was postponed to give leaders a chance to negotiate. Gbagbo’s minister of youth and employment, Charles Ble Goude, who remains under UN sanctions for inciting violence against foreigners and the UN, had called for the mass gathering but canceled it. In a statement on state television Tuesday, he said he wanted to “give diplomacy a chance.” Tensions have escalated in Ivory Coast, the world’s main cocoa producer. A crowd in a pro-Gbagbo neighborhood on Tuesday surrounded a small UN convoy and wounded a peacekeeper with a machete, the UN said. Gbagbo has ordered peacekeepers out but the UN mission in Ivory Coast said after the attack that it “reiterates it’s determination to pursue its work in the service of the Ivorian people.” The United Nations declared Gbagbo the loser by of presidential elections on Nov. 28. The UN, which was tasked with certifying the results of the election, the United States and other world powers have insisted Gbagbo leave the presidency.
The regional delegation led by presidents from Sierra Leone, Cape Verde and Benin met separately with Gbagbo and internationally recognized winner Alassane Ouattara, then met Gbagbo a second time late Tuesday before leaving the country without issuing a statement.
Gbagbo still maintains control of Ivory Coast’s military and security forces. Some analysts feel an ECOWAS mission in Ivory Coast would entail a full-scale invasion, causing numerous civilian casualties.
Postelection violence has already left at least 173 people dead, according to the United Nations. The UN said it has been unable to investigate reports of a mass grave because of restrictions on UN personnel movements.
Gbagbo has been in power since 2000 and has already overstayed his mandate by five years because the election was repeatedly delayed until October, with the runoff coming last month. The election was meant to help reunify a country that was divided by a 2002-2003 civil war into a rebel-controlled north and a loyalist south, but Ivory Coast now stands again at the brink of war.
The regional leaders had hoped to persuade Gbagbo to leave Ivory Coast with them after their one-day mission, saying he would be offered asylum in neighboring countries.
The French government says its forces in this former French colony will protect French citizens but won’t be making any decisions about an international military intervention.
Late Tuesday, Gbagbo’s allies lashed out on state television at nations that have recognized Ouattara’s representatives as Ivorian ambassadors. In a statement, Gbagbo’s camp said it reserves the right to out ambassadors of countries that recognize Ouattara’s envoys.
The regional bloc ECOWAS is comprised of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Ivory Coast, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo.
