The office of Navi Pillay, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, welcomed the release but cited reports that some of the Palestinian prisoners from the West Bank may be released to the Hamas-ruled Gaza Strip or abroad.
Under international humanitarian law, it is illegal to forcibly transfer war detainees or deport them to another country against their will.
Israeli soldier Shalit returned home to a national outpouring of joy on Tuesday after five years in captivity, and hundreds of Palestinian prisoners exchanged for him were greeted with kisses from Hamas leaders in the Gaza Strip.
“It was with a sense of great relief that we have received news of the agreement to exchange prisoners. We do however have concerns regarding reports that hundreds of Palestinian prisoners from the West Bank may be released to the Gaza Strip or abroad,” Pillay’s spokesman Rupert Colville told Reuters in response to a query.
“If in some cases this has been without the free and informed consent of the concerned individuals, this may constitute forced transfer or deportation under international law,” he added. “We are not sure to what extent they consented to this.”
Most of the prisoners were returned to the Gaza Strip, which is controlled by Hamas, an Islamist group that is classified as a terrorist organization by the European Union and the United States. It was not immediately clear whether some of those transferred to Gaza were loyal to Fatah, a rival Palestinian faction ruling the West Bank and led by President Mahmoud Abbas.
Many of the prisoners were convicted of deadly attacks.
Over the past few days, the International Committee of the Red Cross conducted confidential interviews with all 477 Palestinian detainees being released from Israeli detention centers in this first phase of the swap, an ICRC spokesman said.
“ICRC delegates interviewed each detainee in private prior to his or her release to verify that they accepted their release,” ICRC spokesman Marcal Izard told Reuters in Geneva.
But, speaking in what he said were general terms, he added: “Returning people to places other than their habitual places of residence is in contradiction to international humanitarian law.
“Choosing between staying in detention or being released to a place other than the detainee’s habitual place of residence cannot be considered as a genuine expression of free will.”
Once the detainees were released by Israel, the independent humanitarian agency facilitated their transport on ICRC buses — from the Kerem Shalom crossing into the Gaza Strip via Egypt, and into Ramallah in the West Bank, he said.
“We did the transportation for humanitarian purposes,” he said. “The ICRC role was limited to facilitating the movement of all the detainees.”
Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said on Tuesday that he expected the Israeli-Palestinian prisoner exchange to boost prospects for the wider peace process.
“With this release, it will have a far-reaching positive impact to the stalled Middle East peace process,” Ban told Reuters at the end of a three-day trip to Switzerland.
“I am very encouraged by the prisoner exchange today after many many years of negotiation. The United Nations has been calling for (an end to) the unacceptable detention of Gilad Shalit and also the release of all Palestinians whose human rights have been abused all the time.”
Colville said that the UN human rights office had “continuing concerns about the thousands of Palestinians still detained or imprisoned by Israel.”
It encouraged Israel to comply fully with its international legal obligations in relation to all such detainees, “including with respect to their conditions and treatment during detention and the location of their imprisonment.”
Shalit’s parents Noam and Aviva made several trips to Geneva where they held talks with Pillay and senior ICRC officials to rally support for their son’s release.
The ICRC said in a statement that although it welcomed the release, it regretted that its repeated requests to visit Shalit in detention and hand over family messages had been “uniformly rejected” over the five years of his imprisonment.
“And we regret that hundreds of families of Palestinians from Gaza held in Israeli places of detention were punished by being prevented from visiting their detained relatives,” Juan Pedro Schaerer, the head of the ICRC delegation for Israel and the occupied territories, said in the statement.
