Airway obstruction

A choking incident can be a scary experience, especially if it happens to a loved one. People can choke on all kinds of objects. Foods, such as candy, nuts, poorly chewed food, and fruits are all major sources of airway obstruction, because of their shapes and consistencies. Nonfood items, such as small toys, balloons, coins, and marbles can be inhaled or swallowed by children. As in any emergency, remain calm and organized in your approach to provide assistance.
An object lodged in the airway can cause a mild or severe obstruction. If a mild obstruction is present, good air exchange is possible. The victim is able to make a forceful cough in an attempt to remove the obstruction. Encourage the victim to cough.
A victim with a severe airway obstruction will have poor air exchange. The signs of a severe airway obstruction include the following:
1. Breathing becoming more difficult;
2. Weak and ineffective cough;
3. Inability to speak or breathe;
4. Clutching of the neck;
5. Skin, fingernail beds, lips, and inside of the mouth may appear bluish grey.
For a responsive adult or child with a severe airway obstruction, ask the victim, “Are you choking?” If the victim is unable to respond, but nods yes, provide care for the victim. Move behind the victim and reach around the victim’s waist with both arms. Place a fist with the thumb side against the victim’s abdomen, just above the navel.  Grasp the fist with your other hand and press into the abdomen with quick inward and upward thrusts (Heimlich maneuver). Continue thrusts until the object is removed or the victim becomes unconscious.
If the object is dislodged, provide support and reassurance to the victim. If the victim becomes unconscious, begin the CPR process if you are trained. Choking can be a frightening experience for both the victim and the provider. Attending an approved CPR class will help prepare you to save a friend or family member.