Smart tech key to solving Middle East food security crisis

Smart tech key to solving Middle East food security crisis
Precision agriculture, soil health management, and improved water usage techniques are part of broader efforts to adapt to climate change and protect valuable resources. (SPA)
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Updated 15 December 2024
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Smart tech key to solving Middle East food security crisis

Smart tech key to solving Middle East food security crisis
  • Challenge of producing more food without further harming the environment intensifies

RIYADH: Increasing the use of smart technology in farming is critical if the Middle East is going to truly achieve food security, experts have told Arab News.

As agricultural productivity in the region remains vulnerable to supply chain disruption, water shortages, and conflicts, the challenge of producing more food without further harming the environment intensifies. 

Add in the consequences of climate change, and the Middle East needs to act fast — and smart — to ensure food security.

Vertical farms, increased use of data, and cross-country collaboration have all been flagged up to Arab News as key ways to tackle the short and long term challenges.

Abdel Rahman Al-Zubaidi, CEO of Ivvest, a Saudi-based agricultural technology and indoor farming company, emphasized to Arab News how his firm addresses these challenges: “Vertical farming allows exponential multiplication for the amount that can be produced in farms, enabling us to utilize vertical space and changing the way we design the production capacity from two dimensions to three dimensions.” 

He added: “This is essential for getting the best out of our limited arable lands in the Middle East, where, for instance, Saudi Arabia’s arable land was just 1.6 percent in 2021.” Available in Saudi Arabia, Ivvest’s farming “Capsule,” is a smart container farming unit empowered with IvvestOS, an operating system that brings intelligence to the facility. Using this technology, farmers can produce more than 200 plants per sq. meter, all year long, without pesticides, and while consuming 90 percent less water and land, according to the company.

Sanjay Borkar, CEO and co-founder of FarmERP, talked up the importance of innovation in an interview with Arab News, stating: “Tools like drones, sensors, and data analytics — key components of precision agriculture — help farmers and agribusiness use resources wisely. By monitoring things like soil health and water levels in real-time, farmers can fine-tune the use of water, fertilizers, and other inputs, minimizing waste and maximizing yields.” Precision agriculture, soil health management, and improved water usage techniques are part of broader efforts to adapt to climate change and protect valuable resources.Many countries are adopting climate-smart agriculture, which integrates sustainable practices that improve resilience to environmental stressors while mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.

Water scarcity: A crisis across the region

Water scarcity is perhaps the most pressing environmental issue across the Middle East. Jordan is one of the countries most affected, facing severe water stress due to the combination of traditional irrigation methods and over-reliance on depleted water resources. The UN Food and Agriculture Organization and other international organizations are promoting precision agriculture techniques, such as drip irrigation and soil moisture sensors, to enhance water use efficiency and reduce wastage. 

Vertical farming allows exponential multiplication for the amount that can be produced in farms.

Abdel Rahman Al-Zubaidi, CEO of Ivvest

Ivvest’s Al-Zubaidi explained that “indoor farming isolates the farming environment from the outside, ensuring optimal conditions for crops and reducing water loss from evaporation.” 

He noted that these methods drastically reduce the need for pesticides, further increasing sustainability.

Conflict-driven food insecurity 

While water scarcity is a severe concern, the Middle East’s food security crisis is also driven by conflict.

In correspondence with Arab News, the FAO said: “The ongoing war in Gaza has significantly exacerbated food insecurity in the broader NENA (Near East and North Africa) region by intensifying the already dire humanitarian crisis.”

The organization revealed that this conflict has disrupted supply chains, with the latest reports indicating that 95 percent of Gaza’s population faces high levels of food insecurity and nearly 343,000 people are at catastrophic risk of famine.

Local initiatives, such as urban farming and community-supported agriculture, have provided some relief to conflict-affected populations.

The impact of the Russia-Ukraine war

The global grain market has been severely impacted by the Russia-Ukraine war, with the Middle East feeling the effects more acutely than other regions. Countries including Egypt, Lebanon, and Yemen, heavily reliant on imports from these two major grain producers, are grappling with shortages.

As the conflict continues, food prices have soared, compounding the challenges faced by already vulnerable populations. The FAO’s call for investment in domestic agricultural production and the adoption of sustainable farming practices is particularly relevant for these nations.

The FAO said that hunger in Arab countries reached 59.8 million people in 2022, a 75.9 percent increase since 2000, accounting for 12.9 percent of the population compared to the global average of 9.2 percent. 

Tools like drones, sensors, and data analytics — key components of precision agriculture — help farmers and agribusiness use resources wisely.

Sanjay Borkar, CEO and co-founder of FarmERP

Al-Zubaidi addressed how Ivvest can contribute to the region’s food security: “Our technology development started after a failed project with greenhouses, which ignited thorough research. We found that traditional greenhouses, while helpful, are resource-intensive and inefficient in hot climates like ours.” 

He pointed out: “To overcome these risks, we designed and manufactured a full end-to-end indoor farming solution.” Ivvest’s vertical farming system allows producing over 240 plants per square meter, drastically enhancing productivity compared to greenhouses.

Zulfiqar Hamadani, CEO of Tanmiah Food Co., echoed the importance of local production, noting that “we must prioritize sustainable local production and develop resilient supply chains to ensure that we can meet the nutritional needs of our growing population.” 

He highlighted Tanmiah’s commitment to Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 food self-sufficiency goals, adding: “Saudi Arabia is taking major steps, including significant investments aimed at enhancing food security and fostering innovation in food production.”

Phil Webster, partner at Arthur D. Little, told Arab News that the greatest adaptation going forward will occur in the areas of agriculture that are growing the most, receiving the largest investments, and offering the greatest overall potential for IoT usage.

“These would be the poultry and aquaculture sectors, the latter of which I gather has grown 183 percent over the last 5 years,” he said.

Webster expected some potential developments in the Kingdom: “Make Saudi Arabia self-sufficient or even a net exporter in more food products, to transform agricultural supply chains through a wholesale shift toward alternative protein, or enabling semi or fully automated indoor or covered farming to maximize productivity and reduce the cost of agricultural production.”

Innovative solutions: a path to resilience

In response to these growing challenges, several countries in the Middle East are investing in innovative agricultural solutions. The FAO emphasized to Arab News the importance of “sustainable and resilient farming practices, including soil and water conservation, waste reduction, and the implementation of nature-based solutions.”

Al-Zubaidi added that the key to sustainability in farming lies in integrating innovations into the broader supply chain. 

Hamadani pointed out that the Middle East must “invest in innovative agricultural technologies such as precision farming, which optimizes resource use and minimizes waste.” He also emphasized the importance of sustainable practices that enhance soil health and water conservation.

Collaboration for a sustainable future

The FAO emphasized that collaboration between regional governments, international organizations, and local communities is crucial for building resilient food systems.

“Promoting climate-smart agriculture, such as diversified cropping systems and sustainable pest management, is crucial for enhancing agricultural resilience,” said the organization.

Al-Zubaidi added that the importance of partnerships between technology providers, distributors, and governments in achieving food security, describing them as “essential for creating a robust and sustainable food security framework.”

Hamadani also stressed the need for government support, noting that “clear policy frameworks that encourage research and development, alongside financial incentives for sustainable practices, are crucial.” He advocated for policies that support sustainable agricultural practices and reduce barriers for startups.

Borkar further elaborated, saying: “Collaborative partnerships between governments, tech companies, and local farmers are essential to share knowledge and ensure technology is accessible.” Grassroots initiatives like urban farming and water-efficient farming techniques can also empower communities and reduce their vulnerability to external shocks.

Partnerships and collaborations play a critical role in promoting the adoption and maintenance of digital technologies in agriculture, according to Webster. “The most important role of such collaborations is to ensure that there is good governance over the data that is collected at all parts of the food chain from farm to fork,” he added.


OPEC Fund in talks with Lebanon to launch key economic support initiative

OPEC Fund in talks with Lebanon to launch key economic support initiative
Updated 16 February 2025
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OPEC Fund in talks with Lebanon to launch key economic support initiative

OPEC Fund in talks with Lebanon to launch key economic support initiative

RIYADH: The OPEC Fund for International Development is currently in talks with Lebanese authorities for a significant intervention, the institution’s president announced.

In an interview with Arab News on the opening day of the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies, Abdulhamid Al-Khalifa shared that the fund is working with Lebanon to determine the optimal timing and approach to ensure the greatest impact on the country’s development.

This initiative is in line with the OPEC Fund’s ongoing commitment to global development, having already invested around $27 billion in projects across more than 125 countries. It also aligns with the fund’s mission to foster development, strengthen communities, and empower individuals.

“As you know, OPEC Fund is, as I said, a development institution and those institutions are created to take additional risks when it comes to development and they are what they call it counter-cyclical, when a country faces major issues, these institutions, intervene with high risk, but their objective is maximizing development impact, not maximizing returns on their assets,” Al-Khalifa said.

The president further emphasized that such institutions are not political in nature; instead, their focus is solely on driving development.

Al-Khalifa explained that the OPEC Fund has both a public sector arm and a private sector arm.

He added that the fund was already involved in investment projects in Lebanon through both arms and windows.

However, he noted that the approach depended on the circumstances and the right timing for intervention.

He mentioned that the fund was working with the authorities in Lebanon and looked forward to carrying out the intervention in the near future.

During the interview, the president also highlighted that while the region as a whole has significant potential, it also faces major risks, including geopolitical ones.

Al-Khalifa mentioned that some countries in the region were emerging from such risks, and expressed hope that this would help the region move forward. He added that the future held great potential and significant economic prospects for the region, particularly for the countries emerging from conflicts.

He added: “But also, you have countries that are stable and they are also doing well when it comes to economic development like GCC countries and also some Middle Eastern and North African countries.”

Al-Khalifa expressed his optimism about the future of the region but said: “It depends on many circumstances and depends on many risks that has to be mitigated.”

The president also highlighted that the OPEC Fund was established 50 years ago, with Saudi Arabia being one of the most important establishing members.

Al-Khalifa stated that the fund was focusing its efforts on development in both middle-income and low-income countries. He noted that Saudi Arabia, as the fund’s major shareholder, was supporting these countries through the OPEC Fund platform, which was one of the platforms Saudi Arabia uses to promote global development.

“As you know, Saudi Arabia is one of the major donors around the world when we compare it to GDP and they are processing their assistance through their bilateral institutions, but also they are using multilateral platforms like the World Bank, OPEC Fund, Islamic Development Bank and other regional banks,” he added.


Pakistan sees Saudi Vision 2030 as model for its economic transformation

Pakistan sees Saudi Vision 2030 as model for its economic transformation
Updated 16 February 2025
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Pakistan sees Saudi Vision 2030 as model for its economic transformation

Pakistan sees Saudi Vision 2030 as model for its economic transformation

RIYADH: Saudi Arabia’s influence in regional economic transformation is expanding, with Pakistan acknowledging the Kingdom’s progress under Vision 2030 as a valuable model, according to a senior official.

In an interview with Arab News during the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies, Pakistan’s Finance Minister Muhammad Aurangzeb emphasized that Saudi Arabia’s leadership in economic reforms offers important lessons for Pakistan as it embarks on its own structural changes.

“Pakistan and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia have been long-standing partners, one of the strongest partnerships that we have,” Aurangzeb said.

“As we go through our own structural reforms at this point in time, on the back of the macroeconomic stability that we have achieved, there’s a lot to learn from Vision 2030,” the minister said.

He also stated that the Kingdom is well ahead of its targets of Vision 2030, “so there’s so much to learn in Pakistan from our partners in Saudi Arabia.”

Saudi investments 

The finance minister also highlighted the growing Saudi investments in Pakistan, particularly in the business-to-business sector. He pointed to recent developments such as Saudi Aramco’s foray into the downstream petroleum industry and ongoing talks concerning government-to-government agreements.

“We’ve already had a few investments coming through from Saudi Arabia in the B2B space, and then of course, we have just seen Aramco coming into downstream, so these are all very, very good investments,” Aurangzeb said.

“There are a number of G2G transactions which are underway at this point in time to be announced later in the year.”

Aurangzeb underscored the potential for boosting exports from Pakistan to Saudi Arabia, especially in the skilled labor sector.

He noted that this aligns with the Kingdom’s expanding workforce needs as it progresses toward its Vision 2030 objectives.

The minister added: “Meanwhile, we remain grateful for the support that we have received from Saudi Arabia, especially with respect to our IMF program.”

The minister noted that the conference serves as an important multilateral platform to discuss economic resilience and cooperation among emerging economies.


Saudi Arabia emerging as an economic ‘powerhouse,’ says top IMF official

Saudi Arabia emerging as an economic ‘powerhouse,’ says top IMF official
Updated 16 February 2025
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Saudi Arabia emerging as an economic ‘powerhouse,’ says top IMF official

Saudi Arabia emerging as an economic ‘powerhouse,’ says top IMF official

RIYADH: Saudi Arabia’s role in the international financial system is growing, solidifying its position as an emerging economic “powerhouse,” according to a senior executive. 

In an interview with Arab News on the sidelines of the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies, Jihad Azour, director of the Middle East and Central Asia department at the International Monetary Fund, stated that the Kingdom took a leadership role following the G20 summit in 2020. 

“The role of Saudi in the international financial system is growing. It’s an emerging global power. Now, after the G20 in 2020, Saudi is chairing the IMFC, which is the government body of the IMF,” Azour said. 

He continued: “Also, Saudi is very active in a certain number of global initiatives, like the debt relief initiative through the common framework, as well as also a certain number of important initiatives related to the role of emerging markets” and their contribution in setting global priorities.

Azour also noted that despite enduring multiple global economic shocks over the past five years, beginning with the COVID-19 crisis, the Kingdom has sustained strong economic growth. 

This resilience is largely attributed to government policies aimed at diversifying the economy beyond its reliance on oil. Fiscal policies have played a crucial role in strengthening economic management and stability. 

“Accelerating economic transformation has been beneficial to the GCC countries, in particular to Saudi. It helped maintain a high level of growth despite the various shocks that the region and Saudi economy faced over the last five years, starting from the COVID crisis and going on with several other global shocks,” he said, 

Azour added: “The investment in structural reforms that has increased women participation in the economy, improved the quality of infrastructure accelerated the trend in digitalization, has also contributed to accelerate the level of growth. 

Furthermore, large-scale infrastructure and development projects have played a key role in building a more prosperous future for the Kingdom by fostering economic expansion and modernization, Azour further elaborated.

The conference is set to deliver key recommendations to bolster financial stability and drive sustainable growth in emerging economies. 

Experts will also delve into the role of artificial intelligence and digital transformation in accelerating economic development across these markets.  

Discussions will focus on strategies to enhance economic resilience, fostering stronger collaboration between emerging and advanced economies to pave the way for a more equitable and sustainable global future.


Closing Bell: Saudi main index slips to close at 12,372 

Closing Bell: Saudi main index slips to close at 12,372 
Updated 16 February 2025
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Closing Bell: Saudi main index slips to close at 12,372 

Closing Bell: Saudi main index slips to close at 12,372 
  • Parallel market Nomu gained 121.76 points, or 0.39%, to close at 31,737
  • MSCI Tadawul Index lost 1.11 points, or 0.07%, to close at 1,537.16

RIYADH: Saudi Arabia’s Tadawul All Share Index slipped on Sunday, losing 12.93 points, or 0.10 percent, to close at 12,372.07. 

The total trading turnover of the benchmark index was SR4.1 billion ($1.09 billion), as 85 of the stocks advanced and 137 retreated.    

However, the Kingdom’s parallel market, Nomu, gained 121.76 points, or 0.39 percent, to close at 31,737, as 44 stocks advanced while 40 declined. 

The MSCI Tadawul Index lost 1.11 points, or 0.07 percent, to close at 1,537.16.     

The best-performing stock of the day was AYYAN Investment Co., whose share price surged 4.67 percent to SR17.48.   

Other top performers included Tanmiah Food Co., which climbed 4.27 percent to SR132, and Ash-Sharqiyah Development Co., which surged 4.16 percent to SR22.52. 

Saudi Reinsurance Co. declined 3.28 percent to SR56.00, while Savola Group slipped 2.84 percent to SR37.65. 

On the announcements front, Dr. Sulaiman Al-Habib Medical Services Group reported its annual financial results for the period ending Dec. 31. According to a Tadawul statement, the company posted a net profit of SR2.3 billion in 2024, marking a 13.16 percent increase from 2023. The growth was driven by higher revenue, attributed to a surge in patient numbers and increased inpatient occupancy. 

The firm also announced its board of directors’ recommendation to distribute SR430.5 million in cash dividends to shareholders for the fourth quarter of the 2024 fiscal year.

A bourse filing showed that 350 million shares are eligible for dividends, with a payout of SR1.23 per share. The statement further noted that the dividend-to-par value ratio stood at 12.3 percent.  

Dr. Sulaiman Al-Habib Medical Services Group closed at SR300, down 0.87 percent.  

Umm Al-Qura for Development and Construction Co. announced the start of the institutional book-building period for its initial public offering, which comprises 130.7 million new ordinary shares for public subscription, representing 9.09 percent of the company’s shares post-capital increase. 

A Tadawul statement revealed that the price range for the offering has been set between SR14 and SR15 per share. The minimum subscription for participating parties is 100,000 ordinary shares, while the maximum allocation is 71.9 million shares. 

Meanwhile, Tanmiah Food Co. reported its annual financial results for the period ending Dec. 31. A bourse filing showed the company recorded a net profit of SR95.8 million in 2024, marking a 26.2 percent increase from the previous year. The rise in profit was primarily driven by operational efficiencies and cost optimization. 


Gulf economies more resilient amid high energy prices: QCB governor 

Gulf economies more resilient amid high energy prices: QCB governor 
Updated 16 February 2025
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Gulf economies more resilient amid high energy prices: QCB governor 

Gulf economies more resilient amid high energy prices: QCB governor 
  • Bandar bin Mohammed bin Saoud said strong oil and gas revenues have allowed Gulf nations to build financial buffers over the past few decades
  • He was speaking at the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies in Saudi Arabia

RIYADH: High energy prices have strengthened the economies of Gulf Cooperation Council countries, making them less vulnerable compared to other regions, according to the governor of the Qatar Central Bank. 

Speaking at a panel discussion titled “Resilience of the Financial System in Emerging Markets” on the first day of the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies, Bandar bin Mohammed bin Saoud Al-Thani attributed this resilience to sovereign wealth funds, disciplined fiscal policies, and ongoing economic diversification efforts.  

The remarks align with projections that the region’s gross domestic product growth will nearly double to 3.6 percent in 2025, compared to a global forecast of 2.8 percent, according to Oxford Economics. Credit rating agency S&P Global also expects GCC banks to maintain strong asset quality, profitability, and liquidity through 2025.  

“In our region, which is the Middle East and North Africa, I look at it in two parts. The first part is GCC countries. GCC countries are less vulnerable, and they’re more resilient because of several factors,” Al-Thani said. 

He said that strong oil and gas revenues have allowed Gulf nations to build financial buffers over the past few decades, supporting their economies in times of uncertainty. “The third is the fiscal disciplines. Most of the GCC countries have a disciplined fiscal policy. Fourth, in my point of view, is that most of the GCC countries came up with a plan of diversifying their economies and they started to execute this plan,” he said. 

Al-Thani also provided a global comparison, noting that while the US economy remains strong, with robust job markets and contained — but still elevated — inflation, other regions face different challenges. 

The panel also explored financial sector trends in the Arab region, with Fahad Al-Turki, director general chairman at the Arab Monetary Fund, highlighting the dominance of banks. 

“The financial sector within the Arab region is dominated by the banking sector — around 93 percent of the financial sector is banking, which represents around 145 percent of the GDP from the region; this compares to 220 percent in advanced economies,” Al-Turki said. 

He said in the GCC, the banking sector’s contribution reaches about 240 percent of GDP. “There are three countries that account for almost two-thirds of the banking sector in the whole Arab region, and these countries are Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Qatar,” he said. 

The governor of the Central Bank of Azerbaijan, Taleh Kazimov, addressed the broader economic implications of geopolitical tensions, citing inflation, changes in international settlements, and regulatory shifts as key concerns.   

Meanwhile, Andriy Pyshnyi, governor of the National Bank of Ukraine, underscored the distinct challenges facing his country’s financial system. 

“Their activity and operations of the National Bank of Ukraine are defined by the war. The country that has been resisting a full-scale invasion for three years and therefore all processes that in one way or another define the logic of our actions, our policies, decisions, position are determined with the aim to ensure macro-financial stability in the conditions of the full-scale war,” Pyshnyi said.  

The AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies, organized by the International Monetary Fund and Saudi Arabia, aims to tackle global economic challenges. The two-day event brings together finance ministers, central bank governors, policymakers, and leaders from the public and private sectors, alongside international institutions and academic experts.