IF indeed a new era of global responsibility has come into being with measures that actually restrain banks and isolate tax havens, it may be time for the planet’s dominant economic powers to focus on the destructive, anti-civic forces of the Internet. Exactly 20 years after Sir Tim Berners-Lee wrote the blueprint for the world wide web, the Internet has become the host to a small number of dangerous WWMs — worldwide monopolies that sweep all before them with exuberant contempt for people’s rights, their property and the past.
Google is the most prominent WWM, but let’s start with an American site that is making a name for itself in straightforward misappropriation. Scribd.com offers free downloads of every kind of book, magazine, brochure, guide, research paper and pamphlet to 55 million readers every month. Many have been uploaded illegally. Last week the publishers of JK Rowling, Ken Follett and Aravind Adiga took action to remove books that had been illegally published on the site.
Scribd.com complied, but what is interesting is the company’s institutional lack of guilt when the piracy was exposed. Instead of admitting it and apologizing, it issued a statement claiming Scribd possessed “industry-leading copyright management system which goes above and beyond requirements of Digital Millennium Copyright Act”.
That’s like a drunk driver protesting innocence because he’s covered by the best insurance company. What matters is the crime, the theft of someone else’s content, which has taken care, labor, money and expertise to publish.
The point is that even if Scribd removes books, it still allows individuals to advertise services for delivering pirated books by e-mail, which must make it the enemy of every writer and publisher in the world. In effect it has turned copyright law on its head: Instead of asking publishers for permission, it requires them to object if and when they become aware of a breach.
Google presents a far greater threat to the livelihood of individuals and the future of commercial institutions important to the community. One case emerged last week when a letter from Billy Bragg, Robin Gibb and other songwriters was published in the London Times explaining that Google was playing very rough with those who appeared on its subsidiary, YouTube.
When the Performing Rights Society demanded more money for music videos streamed from the website, Google reacted by refusing to pay the requested 0.22p per play and took down the videos of the artists concerned.
It does this with impunity because it is dominant worldwide and knows the songwriters have nowhere else to go. Google is the portal to a massive audience: You comply with its terms or feel the weight of its boot on your windpipe.
Despite the aura of heroic young enterprise that still miraculously attaches to the Web, what we are seeing is a much older and toxic capitalist model — the classic monopoly that destroys industries and individual enterprise in its bid for ever greater profits.
Despite its diversification, Google is in the final analysis a parasite that creates nothing, merely offering little aggregation, lists and the ordering of information generated by people who have invested their capital, skill and time. On the back of the labor of others it makes vast advertising revenues — in the final quarter of last year its revenues were $5.7 billion, and it currently sits on a cash pile of $8.6 billion. Its monopolistic tendencies took an extra twist this weekend with rumors that it may buy the micro-blogging site Twitter and its plans — contested by academics — to scan a vast library of books that are out of print but still in copyright.
One of the chief casualties of the Web revolution is the newspaper business, which now finds itself laden with debt (not Google’s fault) and having to give its content free to the search engine in order to survive.
Newspapers are the only means of holding local hospitals, schools, councils and the police to account, and on a national level they are absolutely essential for the good functioning of democracy.
If, at a time of profound challenges, newspapers fall out with Google, it could be pretty serious for society. Of course the company founded by Sergey Brin and Larry Page in 1998 — now reckoned to be the world’s most powerful brand — does not offer any substitute for the originators of content nor does it allow this to touch its corporate conscience. That is probably because one detects in Google something that is delinquent and sociopathic, perhaps the character of a nightmarish 11-year-old.
This particular 11-year-old has known nothing but success and does not understand the risks, skill and failure involved in the creation of original content, nor the delicate relationships that exist outside its own desires and experience. There is a brattish, clever amorality about Google that allows it to censor the pages on its Chinese service without the slightest self doubt, store vast quantities of unnecessary information about every Google search, and menace the delicate instruments of democratic scrutiny. And, naturally, it did not exercise Google executives that Street View — a camera roaming round Britain and showing the footage on Google — not only invaded the privacy of millions and made the job of burglars easier but somehow laid claim to Britain’s civic spaces.
