In the name of God, the Merciful, the Beneficent
And remember Dhul-Nun, when he went away in anger, thinking that We would not force him into a tight situation! But then he cried out in the deep darkness: "There is no deity other than You! Limitless are You in Your glory! I have done wrong indeed!"
So We responded to him and delivered him from his distress. Thus do We deliver those who have faith.
(The Prophets: 21: 87-88)
These verses refer to the story of Prophet Jonah, which is given here in a brief outline to fit with the approach followed in this Surah. It is given in more detail in Surah 37, Al-Saffat. But we need to give here some of its details in order to make it readily understood.
He is called Dhul-Nun, which means "man of the whale" because he was swallowed by the whale and then thrown away. He was sent to a particular city, and he called on its people to believe in God, but they rejected him and his message. When they showed much stubbornness, he was fed up with them and left them in anger. He showed little inclination to persevere with them on account of their rejection. He thought that God would not restrict him to a particular place, as there were many cities around and numerous communities. Since the ones he addressed were stubborn, then God might direct him to go somewhere else. This is what is meant by the expression rendered here as "thinking that We would not force him into a tight situation!"
Angry and frustrated, he walked away, and found himself sometime later by the seaside, where he saw a laden boat. He went on it. When the boat was in the middle of the sea, it was apparent that its load was too heavy. The shipmaster said that one passenger must be thrown overboard in order to give a chance for the rest to survive. They all drew lots and the draw fell to Jonah. The other passengers threw him into the sea, or he might have jumped overboard. It was then that the whale swallowed him and he found himself in a most tight situation. He felt shrouded by several layers of darkness: the darkness of the whale’s belly, the darkness of the deep blue sea and the darkness of the night. At this moment, he cried out: "There is no deity other than You! Limitless are You in Your glory! I have done wrong indeed!" God answered his prayer and saved him from the distress he was suffering. The whale threw him out by the seaside. His story is continued in Surah 37, Al-Saffat.
There are in this episode of the story of Jonah some significant points we need to reflect upon.
Jonah did not show at first enough patience and willingness to endure the difficulties of delivering God’s message. He was fed up with his community, abandoned his people and moved away, angry and frustrated. He felt his situation to be very tight. But God exposed him to a much tighter and harder distress, compared with which the endurance of opposition by unbelievers seems to be very easy. Had he not turned to his Lord in repentance and admitted that he has wronged himself and left his position of duty, he would not have been relieved from his distress. It was God’s care that saved him.
The advocates of a message must be ready to bear the burden involved in such advocacy, remain patient in the face of rejection and vicious opposition. When a person is certain of the truth of the message he advocates, he finds it extremely difficult to be opposed by people who accuse him of false inventions and deliberate lying. But remaining patient in the face of such adversity is only part of the duties of such advocacy. Those who are entrusted with delivering a message and advocate the truth must remain patient, face the difficulties and continue with their advocacy work. They must continue to present their message to people and call on them to believe in it, time after time.
Such advocates may not give in to despair.
They cannot give up on people, believing that they would never respond to the truth, no matter how much opposition they face, and how often they are rejected and accused of falsehood. If their hundred attempts to touch people’s hearts meet with failure, their next attempt may have a positive result. Indeed, such a result may come only after one thousand and one attempts. Hence, if they have already tried a thousand times and failed, they should try once more in the hope that, with God’s grace, their next attempt may be more successful.
The way a message must follow in order to touch people’s hearts is neither easy nor comfortable. Positive response may not be forthcoming. A great heap of false beliefs, erring practices, customs, traditions and situations weighs heavily on people’s hearts and minds. This heap must be removed, and hearts must be revived in every possible way. A touch on every sensitive receptor must be made to try to find the effective nerve. With determination and diligence the right touch will inevitably be made, and a complete transformation of the addressee is achieved. We are often surprised that a thousand attempts may be made with one particular person, but without success. Then a casual gesture, coming at the right time, touches the right cord, and the person concerned goes through a complete transformation without any difficulty.
Comparison may be made with trying to find a particular radio station. We turn the tuning key to and fro, but we miss it despite taking full care to find it. Then suddenly a casual touch may hit upon it and we have a good reception. A human heart is akin to a radio receiver. Advocates of the divine message must try hard to find the right spot that enables this heart to receive that message. When one thousand attempts have failed, the next one may succeed.
It is easy for an advocate of the divine message to be angry when people turn away from him. To give up and quit is always easy. It may make us cool down. But of what service would that be to the message itself? It is the message that is most important, not its advocate. If we feel angry, we should remain patient. It is infinitely better for us not to lose heart and not to give up.
An advocate is merely a tool in God’s hand, and God preserves His message better than us. We must discharge our duty however hard the opposition we may face. We then leave the matter to God, and He gives guidance to whomever He pleases. In the story of Jonah we have a good example to consider.
His turning back to his Lord and acknowledgment of his error give us a good lesson. Also, in the grace God had shown him, answering the prayer he addressed through the compound darkness, gives us great hope: "Thus do We deliver those who have faith."
