Tuesday’s assault by forces loyal to Muammar Qaddafi led to fierce street battles that killed at least eight fighters, exposing the fragility of gains by fighters who are fighting on several fronts but are frequently out-gunned and out-maneuvered.
Five months into their uprising, despite winning increasing international support and enjoying the backing of NATO bombing raids on pro-Qaddafi forces, the eastern-based rebels have failed to make a breakthrough in ending Qaddafi’s 41-year rule.
As diplomacy appears to have ground to a halt, rebel pushes around Zlitan and the oil town of Brega, both to the east of Tripoli, and the Western Mountains, near the border with Tunisia, have been overshadowed by reports of divisions and the slaying of their top military chief in shadowy circumstances.
Gen. Abdel-Fatah Younes’s death, apparently while in the custody of fellow fighters bringing him back from the front line for unspecified questioning, raises the question of stability in the oil-rich country, even if Qaddafi, who has vowed to fight to the death, is defeated.
In recent days, fighters have inched toward Zlitan, a town 160 km east of Tripoli and near rebel-held Misrata, Libya’s third-largest city, pushing the frontline to the eastern outskirts. Some 34 fighters have been killed in the advance.
Video footage of Tuesday’s fighting, seen by Reuters, showed fighters firing rocket-propelled grenades and heavy anti-aircraft guns at Qaddafi loyalists in eastern Zlitan.
“We allowed them to get closer to our positions before we fired heavily at them to repel their advances. Our forces have not moved back and we have kept our ground,” one local commander told Reuters, asking not to be named.
Another commander said he had lost two men in the fighting but also said the pro-Qaddafi forces had been driven back.
Moussa Ibrahim, a spokesman for the Libyan government, said the fighters had been “defeated at the gates of Zlitan” and were pushed back to Dafniya, to the east.
Hospital sources said no injured fighters had arrived on Wednesday, so the front appeared to be quiet.
Libyan state television late on Monday aired interviews with people it said were recorded on Monday with people in Zlitan, in which residents denied fighters had taken control of the town.
Seizing Zlitan would give the fighters, who lack the ammunition, discipline and experience of Qaddafi’s men, a boost in morale and, potentially, a base to advance on Tripoli.
Libya’s conflict has ground on into the Muslim holy month of Ramadan, despite the increasing diplomatic, financial and military backing of the fighters, who are based in the eastern city of Benghazi and have seized about half the country.
Qaddafi, one of his sons and an intelligence chief are wanted by the International Criminal Court accused of crimes against humanity during efforts to quash a rebellion that was inspired by successful revolutions in Tunisia and Egypt.
Some analysts say the charges, plus the sight of former Egyptian leader Hosni Mubarak going on trial in Cairo on Wednesday, will do little to convince Qaddafi to surrender.
Supporters of the fighters, however, took hope from the trial as images of Mubarak, lying on a bed in a cage in the courtroom, were beamed across the world.
Several shops in opposition-held Misrata were showing live footage of the trial with some shop assistants glued to the television set.
“Do you think we’ll ever see Qaddafi like this one day?” One asked his colleague. “God willing” he replied.
About 30 nations have recognized the Benghazi-based rebel government, the Transitional National Council (TNC), with France this week freeing up over $250 million in frozen Libyan funds, highlighting the potential financial impact of such moves.
But others are concerned that NATO has overstepped its UN mandate to protect civilians. NATO said in a statement that it had hit over 20 military targets on Tuesday. Jana also reported that NATO had on Wednesday bombed Tajoura, near Tripoli, as well as Zlitan.
There is also mounting concern the killing of Younes, who had been one of the most senior Qaddafi officers to swap sides, has confirmed skeptics worst fears of a deeply divided anti-Qaddafi camp, pointing to trouble even if he was removed.
Younes’s powerful tribe vowed on Tuesday to find justice themselves for his suspicious death if the opposition leadership failed to do so.
“The way he was killed looks like a betrayal, so until now we are trying to calm and control the youth of the tribe, but we don’t know what could happen,” one of Younes’s sons said.
