UK economy shrinks a fifth on coronavirus lockdown

Britain’s coronavirus lockdown shuttered factories, offices and shops. (AFP)

• GDP nosedived by a record 20.4 percent in April after a 5.8-percent contraction in March
• Pandemic had a ‘significant and wide-ranging negative impact’ on British businesses

LONDON: Britain’s economy shrank by a fifth in size during April as the coronavirus lockdown shuttered factories, offices and shops, official data showed Friday, stoking concerns over a painful recession.
Gross domestic product nosedived by a record 20.4 percent after a 5.8-percent contraction in March, the Office for National Statistics said.
Taken together, the slump over March and April was three times worse than during the global financial crisis of more than a decade ago, the ONS added.
The dire data capped a week of bad news for British Prime Minister Boris Johnson, who faces increasing criticism over his handling of the deadly COVID-19 outbreak as Britain’s death toll surpassed 40,000 people to reach the second highest in the world.
The UK government imposed a lockdown on March 23 — later than many other virus-hit nations — to halt the spread of COVID-19.
It has also backed up employee wages in a costly furlough jobs retention scheme, while the Bank of England (BoE) has injected enormous amounts of liquidity and slashed interest rates to a record-low 0.1 percent.
“The economy has experienced a significant shock since the start of the coronavirus pandemic,” the ONS said Friday.
“GDP has fallen dramatically, with record broad-based falls in output for production, services and construction,” it added in a statement.
The UK economy shrunk by 2.0 percent in the first quarter, and another contraction in the current second quarter, or April-June period, would put it in recession.
Analysts say a recession is likely already underway because of the staggering impact of the virus lockdown and despite Britain gradually easing stay-at-home restrictions.
“The UK is clearly in deep recession — GDP contracted 2.0 percent in the first quarter and it looks likely to contract at least 15 percent in the second,” EY economist Howard Archer told AFP.
“However, April highly likely marked the low point for the economy and activity appears to have edged up in May as there was some easing of restrictions in England.”
The ONS said pubs, education, health and car sales were hardest hit areas.
The economy meanwhile shrank by 10.4 percent in the three months to the end of April.
The OECD this week predicted the UK economy was on course to shrink by more than 11 percent in 2020 because of COVID-19.
The Bank of England has warned that the economic paralysis could lead to Britain’s worst recession in centuries amid a broader global economic downturn.
Jonathan Athow, ONS deputy national statistician, described the 20-percent slump as “unprecedented.”
“April’s fall in GDP is the biggest the UK has ever seen, more than three times larger than last month and almost ten times larger than the steepest pre-COVID-19 fall,” said Athow.
“In April, the economy was around 25 percent smaller than in February.”
The pandemic, which has blighted economies worldwide, had a “significant and wide-ranging negative impact” on British businesses.
The data comes as Britain presses ahead with its lockdown easing plans.
Non-essential shops and services, as well as zoos, wildlife parks and drive-in cinemas can open from Monday, and individual attendance will be allowed at places of worship.
However, restrictions have not yet been lifted on pubs, bars, restaurants and other leisure facilities.
“April 2020 has experienced sharper falls than March as the negative impacts of social distancing and ‘lockdown’ have led to a significant fall in consumer demand and business and factory closures, as well as supply chain disruptions,” the ONS said.
The UK economy could shrink by as much as 35 percent in the second quarter according to a recent forecast from UK fiscal watchdog the Office for Budget Responsibility.