The ethics around AI in diplomacy and governance

ISLAMABAD: Pakistani authorities have administered polio drops to over 44 million children in the country’s ongoing nationwide vaccination drive, state-run media reported this week. 

Pakistan launched a nationwide campaign from Apr. 21-27 to vaccinate over 45 million children against polio. The country reported 74 cases in 2024 and has planned three major vaccination drives in the first half of this year.

The current campaign is the second of 2025, with a third set to begin from May 26 to June 1.

“The government has successfully administered anti-polio drops to over 44 million children across Pakistan in five days during ongoing vaccination drive,” the state-run Associated Press of Pakistan (APP) reported on Saturday. 

Pakistan’s National Emergency Operations Center (NEOC) said the ongoing polio vaccination campaign is being conducted simultaneously in Pakistan and Afghanistan.
The APP report said the ongoing vaccination coverage has reached 97 percent in Punjab and Sindh provinces and 99 percent in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan provinces. 
“In the federal capital Islamabad, 99 percent of the target has been achieved while Azad Jammu and Kashmir reported 100 percent coverage, and Gilgit-Baltistan achieved 99 percent,” it added. 
The report said the NEOC expected another one million children to be vaccinated by Apr. 27. 
“Parents have been urged to fully cooperate with polio workers and ensure that all children under the age of five receive polio drops during every campaign,” the APP said. 
Pakistan and neighboring Afghanistan remain the last polio-endemic countries in the world. In the early 1990s, Pakistan reported around 20,000 cases annually, but by 2018, the number had dropped to eight. Six cases were reported in 2023 and only one in 2021.
Pakistan’s polio eradication program, launched in 1994, has faced persistent challenges, including vaccine misinformation and resistance from some religious hard-liners who claim immunization is a foreign conspiracy to sterilize Muslim children or a cover for Western espionage.

Militant groups have also repeatedly targeted and killed polio vaccination workers.

ATTARI: With swaggering soldiers giving high kicks set to booming patriotic music cheered on by crowds, it was the usual daily border ceremony between nuclear-armed arch-rivals India and Pakistan.

But there was one key thing at the show that was missing — the usual symbol of cooperation, a handshake between the opposing soldiers, did not take place.

Relations have plummeted after New Delhi accused Islamabad of backing an attack targeting tourists on April 22 — the deadliest attack on civilians in Indian-administered Kashmir for years.

Islamabad rejects the claims, and the countries have since exchanged gunfire, diplomatic barbs, expelled citizens — and ordered the border to be shut.

The iron gates that separate the two sides remain locked.

“It just fills you with passion and patriotic pride,” said Simarjeet Singh, 17, from the nearby Indian city of Amritsar, his face painted with the national tricolor flag.

Many fear the risk of a military escalation in the coming days.

For years, the Attari-Wagah border in Punjab has been a hugely popular tourist attraction.

Visitors from both sides come to cheer on soldiers goose-stepping in a chest-puffing theatrical show of pageantry.

Numbers were muted at the sunset show on Saturday, but thousands of Indians still came to show their loyalty to their nation.

“There were people from all over who looked and dressed different but were cheering and screaming at the same time — for our country and the soldiers,” Singh said, who came with his friends from college.

Cheering crowds still filled the stadium-like space around the gates with noise, at least on the Indian side, where on Saturday some 5,000 people — about a fifth of full capacity — watched.

There was only a small fraction of the support on the Pakistani side.

Enthusiastic spectators sang in chorus, waving flags and chanting “India Zindabad,” or “Long live India.”

The frontier was a colonial creation at the violent end of British rule in 1947 which sliced the sub-continent into Hindu-majority India and Muslim-majority Pakistan.

The daily border ritual has largely endured over the decades, surviving innumerable diplomatic flare-ups and military skirmishes.

Reena Devi, 54, and PK Nath, 70, tourists from Tezpur in India’s northeastern state of Assam, are part of a tour of the country.

“We are just so excited to be here,” Devi said. “We just wanted to see this ceremony and experience being at the border with Pakistan.”

Nath said she and her group planned to visit a Hindu site in Jammu and Kashmir.

“Some of us are now a little apprehensive about the security there,” she said.

Nath said he “totally supported” New Delhi’s decision to expel Pakistani citizens and to shut down the border.

“You can’t send people to kill here and still not expect any response,” Nath said.

“We don’t know what will happen next but we are sure that the government would do the right thing,” he added.

As the energetic masters of the ceremony goaded the crowd, the Indian soldiers in red-fanned hats stomped up to the locked gate, kicking their legs up — with Pakistanis doing the same on the other side.

Aside from the ceremony, Indian and Pakistani citizens have been crossing the border since both sides canceled visas before India’s April 29 deadline to leave — tearing apart families with relations in both nations.

“There is obvious anxiety right now,” said Harpal Singh, an Amritsar-based taxi driver who regularly brings visitors to the ceremony, insisting the spectacle was still worth coming to see.

“There was no one who didn’t come back impressed and excited,” he said.

KT Ramesh, 57, from Kozhikode in the southern state of Kerala, said that even the scaled-down ceremony “was worth it.”

“There was no shortage of passion among our people,” Ramesh said.

He said that he’d “seen anger” about the attack in Kashmir “in whoever I spoke with, from our hotel staff to the taxi driver and other tourists here.”

“Everyone was talking about it,” he said. “We don’t like a war but this time we must teach them a lesson.”