A hospital source said 16 bodies had arrived at a Timbuktu hospital, and 55 had been injured in the crush outside the Djinguereber mosque, one of Mali's most recognizable buildings.
A police official said at least ten other bodies had not been transported to the morgue at the hospital, but had already been buried in line with Muslim tradition.
Malian President Amadou Toumani Toure arrived in Timbuktu Friday afternoon to visit the injured and show his condolences to the families of the deceased, said a source close to the presidency.
Thousands of pilgrims come to Timbuktu for the prophet's birthday and an official said the accident appeared to have happened because of a bottleneck caused by renovation work on the 14th-century mosque, made largely from mud.
"People were circling the mosque, a ritual at each Mouloud (the observance of the birthday of the Prophet Muhammad) and there was a huge crowd built up," one of the witnesses, Mohamed Bandjougou, said of the accident late Thursday.
"I lost my sister. She was 16 and had gone to pray," said another resident, Ali Kounta.
Known as "the Great Mosque,” Djinguereber is the oldest monument and largest mosque in Timbuktu.
An official at Timbuktu town hall said that the mosque was undergoing renovations financed by the Aga Khan, head of the world's 15 million Shia Ismaili Muslims.
"Because of these renovations, the passage on the north side of the mosque is closed off," the official said, asking not to be named. "On that side, to get through, the faithful found an improvised alleyway.
"But the alley couldn't take the number of people using it. So there was a stampede. Somebody shouted 'someone has died' and panic took over," the official said.
Two other officials said rescue services had "very quickly" helped the "many injured.”
"We're in mourning. What happened is a real drama. We accept the will of God. He gives us life, he takes it away," said the mosque's imam, who gave his name as Asseyuti.
Timbuktu was a renowned intellectual and religious center during the 15th and 16th centuries, helping to spread Islam throughout Africa.
The town and its monuments are UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Today the area is desert, and while Timbuktu's name remains synonymous in Europe with the idea of an exotic faraway land, the town's historic buildings require constant renovation.
During the Mouloud celebration of the prophet's birthday in Makkah in 570, the faithful gather at night to pray.
Religious gatherings of thousands of people can lead to deadly stampedes.
In 2006, at least 364 people were killed in a stampede during the annual Haj pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia.
A stampede at a Hindu temple in India's Rajasthan in 2008 killed 224 people, while two girls were killed and 40 injured at a stampede at a church-organized stadium event in Angola in 2009.
