The two sides were expected to discuss their lingering border disputes, a growing trade imbalance and friction over India’s role in Kashmir, the restive region that is also claimed by India’s archrival, Pakistan.
Wen said he hoped his visit would promote friendship between India and China and deepen their relationship.
“There is enough space in the world for the development of both China and India and there are enough areas for us to cooperate,” he told a business conference.
Wen visited a school to discuss Chinese culture a week after the government decided to add Mandarin to the languages taught at Indian schools.
He spent about 30 minutes with the students and donated 1,000 books dealing mostly with Chinese culture, history, tourism, India-China relations and Buddhism, said Li Xiaojun, a Chinese diplomat.
On Thursday he was to hold talks with his Indian counterpart, Manmohan Singh.
The world’s two most populous countries have worked to play down their tensions.
“We are, from the Indian side, looking at the positive side of the outcome. The trade is growing between the two countries, the people-to-people exchanges are increasing, high-level visits are also increasing,” Indian External Affairs Minister S.M. Krishna told the CNN-IBN news channel.
The talks between Wen and Singh are expected to touch on the tensions and rivalries that have marked the historic relationship between the two nations.
A dispute over their border, which sparked a brief war in 1962, remains unresolved despite 14 rounds of discussions.
China has also upset India by refusing to stamp visas in passports held by residents of Indian-held Kashmir, in a move seen as questioning New Delhi’s sovereignty over the restive region.
The Chinese state-run Global Times, which is seen as reflecting the government’s view, appealed for the two countries to find a way to resolve tensions.
“As two Asian powers with vast territories, neither country could bear strategic confrontation, nor could the entire region. More benefits would come to both countries by solving problems, rather than expanding and focusing on conflict,” the newspaper said in an editorial.
Wen brought a trade delegation of more than 300 business officials with him and the two sides are expected to sign agreements on energy and infrastructure development and for close cooperation in the financial sector, especially in banking.
China is India’s largest trading partner, with annual trade expected to reach $60 billion this year. However, Indian business has complained about a trade imbalance that heavily favors China, and Singh is expected to push for greater access to Chinese markets for Indian pharmaceutical and software companies.
Chandrasekhar Dasgupta, India’s former ambassador to China, said the deepening ties between the two countries raise the chances for resolving their lingering disputes.
“As trade exchanges, cultural exchanges grow and there is greater interactions between our people, all this will help to create a better climate for our people to negotiate the border issue,” he said.
The two countries have also been competing over resources and global markets.
China, seeking influence around the region, has irked India by expanding ties with nations around India, including Sri Lanka, Nepal and Pakistan. Wen is to head to Pakistan on Friday after his visit here.
China, for its part, resents the presence in India of the self-declared Tibetan government-in-exile and the Dalai Lama. Tibetan activists protested Wen’s visit Wednesday.
Despite their disputes, India and China have worked together internationally on climate change issues and for a greater say in global finance.
