EDINBURGH: Scotland voted on Thursday on whether to stay within the United Kingdom or end the 307-year-old union with England and become an independent nation in a finely balanced referendum with far-reaching consequences.

Five surveys showed support for independence at 48 percent, compared with 52 percent for the union, while a sixth poll showed it even closer at 49 percent to 51 percent. Another showed unionists at 53 percent and separatists at 47 percent.

The surveys also showed as many as 600,000 voters were undecided, making the vote too close to call. Polling stations closed at 2100 GMT and a result is expected early on Friday.

Hundreds of thousands of people were still making up their minds as polling stations opened, but as the day wore on, the British currency and major share prices rose on expectations there would not be a split.

Tennis star Andy Murray sent a powerful last-minute message in support of the pro-independence “Yes” vote, tweeting “Let’s do this” after months of silence on his views.

Many people see the choice as one of “hearts or heads” — whether emotional stirrings and yearnings would outweigh pragmatic concerns over the risks and uncertainty that an independent state would face.

“I’ve waited all my life for this,” said the first voter in Edinburgh’s Waverley Court, a businessman who gave only his first name, Ron. “It’s time to break with England. ‘Yes’ to independence.”

As he spoke, a couple of workers hurrying by in the morning mist and drizzle shouted ‘Vote No!’

Those opposed to independence say a split could slow economic growth, affect the United Kingdom’s defense capability, threaten the unity of other countries and tip the balance in favor of people who want Britain to leave the European Union.

French President Francois Hollande said it would be decisive for Europe as well as Britain. “After half a century of building Europe, we risk entering a period of deconstruction,” he said on Thursday.

Those in favor say such fears are overblown. They see a bright future for an independent Scotland in Europe, a fairer society and good defense and economic cooperation with London. The issue has divided families and friends but also electrified this country of 5.3 million in months of debate.

One group of “Yes” voters marched to an Edinburgh polling station with a bagpiper paying “Scotland the Brave”, while on the city’s main Princes Street, overlooked by its castle, “Better Together” campaigners handed out leaflets saying “Vote No.” “It’s not worth the risk. There’s no going back.”

Leaders of both sides have urged Scots to consider the long-term implications of answering “Yes” or “No” to the question: “Should Scotland be an independent country?”

Alex Salmond, the 59-year-old nationalist leader, told hundreds of supporters in Perth at a final rally: “Scotland’s future must be in Scotland’s hands ... This is our opportunity of a lifetime and we must seize it with both hands.”

The independence movement says Scots should be able to choose their own leaders and make their own decisions rather than be ruled from London. Supporters of the union say Scotland is more prosperous and secure as part of the United Kingdom and the ties that bind its peoples are too tight to be undone.

Salmond has said Queen Elizabeth should stay on as Queen of Scots. She has remained above the fray, in keeping with the constitution, but said on Sunday she hoped Scots would choose “carefully”.

The prospect of breaking up the United Kingdom, the world’s sixth-largest economy and a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, has prompted citizens and allies alike to question what would be left, while the financiers of the City of London have warned of market turmoil.

Sterling hit a near two week high against the dollar on Thursday and major shares continued their climb away from lows at the start of the month when polls showed a small, surprise lead for the pro-independence side. Dealers said trading was likely to be choppy overnight as results come in.

British politicians, banks and businessmen have closed ranks to warn of economic hardship, job losses and investment flight should Scots decide to go it alone. Defense would also be a big question — Britain’s submarine-borne nuclear arsenal, part of NATO’s defenses — is based in Scotland’s Firth of Clyde.

The United States has made clear it wants the United Kingdom, its main ally in Europe, to remain together.

“The UK is an extraordinary partner for America and a force for good in an unstable world. I hope it remains strong, robust and united,” US President Barack Obama said.

European leaders have warned that an independent Scotland would have to rejoin the European Union and could face resistance. Spain has been especially vocal, fearing it would further inspire separatists in Catalonia and the Basque Country.

Many of those voting for independence felt rule from London had opened too wide a gap between rich and poor.