The migration dynamics between Europe and Africa have evolved into one of the most pressing socioeconomic challenges of the 21st century, fueled by a complex mesh of historical ties, socioeconomic disparities, political instability, conflict and, lately, worsening environmental crises.

The youthful energy that once thrummed through the streets of Tunis, ousting a long-entrenched dictator more than a decade ago, has withered in the face of an unchecked authoritarian resurgence.