COP28 opens in Dubai with calls for accelerated climate action

Update COP28 opens in Dubai with calls for accelerated climate action
Up to 200 global leaders will join over 80,000 delegates gathered in Dubai for the UN climate conference. (Abdulrahman Fahad Bin shulhub/AN)
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Updated 30 January 2024
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COP28 opens in Dubai with calls for accelerated climate action

COP28 opens in Dubai with calls for accelerated climate action
  • Up to 200 global leaders will join over 80,000 delegates gathered in Dubai for the UN climate conference

DUBAI: Up to 200 global leaders will join over 80,000 delegates gathered in Dubai for the UN climate conference as governments prepare for negotiations on whether to agree, for the first time, to phase out fossil fuels – the main source of global warming.

With finance also high on the meeting agenda, the COP28 presidency has published a proposal on the eve of the summit for countries to formally adopt the outlines of a new UN fund to cover losses and damages in poor countries being hit by climate disasters like extreme flooding or persistent drought.

READ MORE: Click here for our coverage of COP28

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COP28 formally approves climate disaster fund arrangements

DUBAI: Countries at the UN COP28 climate summit on Thursday formally approved a deal on a new climate disaster fund.

The deal was adopted following the COP28 opening ceremony, drawing a standing ovation from delegates.

Representatives from developed and developing countries painstakingly crafted the agreement during negotiations this year. It will launch a fund to help vulnerable nations cope with the cost of climate-driven damage from drought, floods and rising seas.

UN weather agency says 2023 is the hottest year on record, warns of further climate extremes ahead

DUBAI: The UN weather agency said Thursday that 2023 is all but certain to be the hottest year on record, and warning of worrying trends that suggest increasing floods, wildfires, glacier melt, and heat waves in the future.

The World Meteorological Organization also warned that the average temperature for the year is up some 1.4°C from pre-industrial times – a mere one-tenth of a degree under a target limit for the end of the century as laid out by the Paris climate accord in 2015.

The WMO secretary-general said the onset earlier this year of El Niño, the weather phenomenon marked by heating in the Pacific Ocean, could tip the average temperature next year over the 1.5°C target cap set in Paris.

WATCH: Opening ceremony of COP28: UN Climate Change conference

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Jim Skea, chairman of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (AFP)

“Human activity has led to changes in climate at a magnitude that is unprecedented over centuries and thousands of years,” according to Jim Skea, chairman of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

“If we do not find immediate and deep emission reductions across all sectors, we will not meet the goals of the Paris agreement,” he said.

“Our assessments have identified multiple options to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to climate change, and these can be implemented right now. But they need to be scaled up and mainstreamed through policies and increased financing.”

“As the chair of the IPCC, the scientific community is poised for using the resources available to support the outcomes of COP28, in shaping climate actions based on science. But finally, let us recall, science by itself is no substitute for action,” Skea said.

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Simon Stiell, executive secretary of UNFCCC

“Today, we find ourselves in a rather different position, in humanity’s climate action journey. We are taking baby steps. Stepping far too slowly from an unstable world that lacks resilience, to working out the best responses to the complex impacts we are facing,” Simon Stiell, executive secretary of UNFCCC, said in his remarks at the opening of COP28.

“We must teach climate action to run. Because this has been the hottest year ever for humanity. So many terrifying records were broken. We are paying with people’s lives and livelihoods,” he said.

“If we do not signal the terminal decline of the fossil fuel era as we know it, we welcome our own terminal decline. And we choose to pay with people’s lives. If this transition isn’t just, we won’t transition at all. That means justice within and between countries. Sharing benefits across society. Ensuring that everyone – women, indigenous peoples and youth, in all their diversity - have equal opportunities to benefit from these transitions.”

“In 2024, countries will submit their first Biennial Transparency Report. This will mean the reality of individual progress can’t be concealed… And let this be your first official notice that early in 2025, countries must deliver new Nationally Determined Contributions. Please start working on them now,” Stiell said.

“Science tells us we have around six years before we exhaust the planet’s ability to cope with our emissions. Before we blow through the 1.5°C limit,” the executive secretary of UNFCCC said.

“This is the biggest COP yet – but attending a COP does not tick the climate box for the year. The badges around your necks make you responsible for delivering climate action here and at home... turn the badge around your necks into a badge of honor, and a life belt for the millions of people you are working for. Accelerate climate action. Teach it to run,” added.

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COP28 President designate Sultan Al-Jaber. (Abdulrahman Fahad Bin shulhub/AN)

In his opening speech, COP28 President designate Sultan Al-Jaber urged delegates as well as oil companies to work together at the UN climate summit. He said, “we must ensure that this COP delivers the most ambitious global stocktake possible.”

He stressed that the COP28 is committed to unlocking finance to ensure that the global south does not have to choose between development and climate action.

While Al-Jaber hailed the initiative of national oil companies to step up, he said “it is not enough.” “They can do more. Every nation, every sector and every one of us has an urgent role to play.”

 

 

“We can bring mitigation, adaptation and means of implementation which includes finance under one umbrella,” according to Al-Jaber, who also runs state-run Abu Dhabi National Oil Company.

“I ask you to start this COP with a new mindset, adopt different thinking, be flexible. Ensure the most ambitious global stocktake. I want this COP to be the COP that maximizes mitigation on momentum,” Al-Jaber said.

He stressed that the ‘role of fossil fuels’ must be part of climate deal. “It is essential that no issue is left off the table,” according to the UAE official. He added that “let this be the COP where we deliver our promises from the $100 billion on loss and damage.”




COP28 president Sultan Ahmed Al-Jaber receives a gavel from Egyptian foreign minister and COP27 President Sameh Shoukry during the United Nations Climate Change Conference opening in Dubai on Nov. 30, 2023. (Reuters)

“This is the presidency that made a bold choice to proactively engage oil and gas companies. We had many hard discussions. That was not easy. But today, many of these companies are committing zero methane emissions by 2030 for the first time. And now, many national oil companies have adopted net zero 2050 targets for the first time,” Al-Jaber said in his speech.

“The next two weeks will not be easy. Let us remember, our task is not about only negotiating texts. It is about improving lives, it is about people,” he added.

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Sameh Shoukry, the COP27 president

“Rather than increasing climate finance from developed countries, actually, it is decreasing in relation to growing needs and the increasing growth of financing in developing countries,” said Shoukry, the COP27 president.

The UN’s COP28 climate summit in Dubai opened Thursday with a moment of silence for the victims of the conflict in Gaza.

Sameh Shoukry, the Egyptian foreign minister who chaired the previous COP talks in Egypt last year, urged delegates to “stand for a moment of silence” in memory of two climate diplomats who recently died “as well as all civilians who have perished during the current conflict in Gaza”.

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An early breakthrough on the damage fund — which poorer nations have demanded for years — could help grease the wheels for other compromises to be made during the two-week summit.

The UN and hosts the UAE say the COP28 talks will be the most important since Paris in 2015, when nations agreed to limit global warming to well below 2°Celsius since the preindustrial era, and preferably to a safer limit of 1.5°C.

Scientists say the world is not on track to achieve these targets and nations must make faster and deeper cuts to emissions to avert the most disastrous impacts of climate change.

 

 

A central focus will be a stocktake of the world’s limited progress on curbing global warming, which requires an official response at these talks.

“Right now, we’re taking baby steps where we should be taking great leaps and great strides to get us to where we need to be,” said UN climate chief Simon Stiell on Wednesday.

The COP28 climate conference should aim for a complete “phaseout” of fossil fuels, UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres earlier said, warning of “total disaster” on humanity’s current trajectory.

“Obviously I am strongly in favor of language that includes (a) phaseout, even with a reasonable time framework,” Guterres said.

Climate change is the biggest threat to human health in Africa and the rest of the world, the head of the continent's public health agency said.

Mitigating that risk was top of his agenda, Jean Kaseya, the director general of the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, said as he headed to the COP28 climate summit in Dubai.

with agencies


Closing Bell: TASI ends in green to close at 12,374

Closing Bell: TASI ends in green to close at 12,374
Updated 26 September 2024
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Closing Bell: TASI ends in green to close at 12,374

Closing Bell: TASI ends in green to close at 12,374

RIYADH: Saudi Arabia’s Tadawul All Share Index rose on Thursday, gaining 30.58 points or 0.25 percent to close at 12,374.30.

The total trading turnover of the benchmark index was SR8.28 billion ($2.2 billion), with 133 of the listed stocks advancing and 91 declining. 

The Kingdom’s parallel market, however, shed 125.91 points or 0.49 percent to close at 25,527.47. 

The MSCI Tadawul Index gained 3.14 points or 0.20 percent to 1,548.77. 

The best-performing stock on the main market was Arab Sea Information System Co. The firm’s share price surged by 9.91 percent to SR7.32.

Other top performers were Batic Investments and Logistics Co. and Alistithmar AREIC Diversified REIT Fund, whose share prices soared by 8.47 percent and 7.81 percent, respectively. 

On another note, ACWA Power shares reached an all-time high of SR500.80 after surging by 8 percent during Thursday’s trading session.

The worst performer of the day was AlJazira REIT, as its share price slipped by 3.17 percent to SR17.72. 

On Nomu, the best performers were Edarat Communication and Information Technology Co. and Arabian Plastic Industrial Co., whose share prices increased by 7.64 percent and 7.46 percent, respectively. 

On the announcements front, Riyad Bank confirmed the commencement of issuing sustainable additional tier-one capital sukuk denominated in US dollars to improve the financial institution’s capital and for general banking purposes. 

In a statement on Tadawul, the bank mentioned that the sukuk issuance would be through a special purpose entity and would be offered to qualified investors inside and outside Saudi Arabia.

The financial institution explained that the value and terms of the sukuk offering would be based on market conditions.

Joint lead managers and bookrunners for the potential offering include HSBC, Kamco Investment Co.,  ad Merrill Lynch International, as well Mizuho International plc, Morgan Stanley and Co., and Riyad Capital.

SMBC Nikko Capital Markets Limited, Standard Chartered Bank, and Warba Bank are also part of the group.

Additional tier-one securities, which are the riskiest debt instruments that banks can issue, are designed to be perpetual; however, this sukuk may be redeemed after five years.

The bank underlined that the minimum subscription is $200,000, with increments of $1000, and that the price and yield of the sukuk offering will be determined based on market conditions.

Another announcement saw the Capital Market Authority issue a decision approving Salama Cooperative Insurance Co.’s request to increase its capital by offering rights issue shares worth SR100 million.

According to the company’s statement on Tadawul, its capital before the growth was SR200 million, and it will rise to SR300 million following the capital increase decision.

As a result, the number of shares will grow from 20 million to 30 million, representing an increase of 10 million at a ratio of one new stock for every two existing.

The CMA also announced the approval of Nice One Beauty Digital Marketing Co.’s request to register its shares and offer 34.65 million stocks for public subscription on the main market.

The stocks to be offered represent 30 percent of the company’s total equity, which amounts to 115.5 million shares.


Saudi Arabia advances COP16 plans with first meeting at UN General Assembly

Saudi Arabia advances COP16 plans with first meeting at UN General Assembly
Updated 26 September 2024
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Saudi Arabia advances COP16 plans with first meeting at UN General Assembly

Saudi Arabia advances COP16 plans with first meeting at UN General Assembly

JEDDAH: Saudi Arabia is ramping up its preparations for the UN Convention to Combat Desertification’s COP16, hosting its first Advisory Council meeting during the UN General Assembly in New York.  

The session was chaired by the Kingdom’s Minister of Environment, Water, and Agriculture Abdulrahman Abdulmohsen Al-Fadley. 

Scheduled for Dec. 2 to 13 at Boulevard Riyadh City, COP16 will feature a green zone aimed at fostering collaboration among public and private stakeholders. The gathering brought together experts and policymakers focused on combating land degradation, drought, and desertification. 

Saudi Arabia has launched several key initiatives, including the Saudi Green and Middle East Green Initiatives, aimed at enhancing the value of natural resources for economic and ecological sustainability.  

Announced by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, these initiatives include plans to cut regional carbon emissions by 60 percent and plant 50 billion trees in what is set to become the world’s largest afforestation project. 

The initiatives also aim to increase protected land coverage to over 30 percent, surpassing the global target of 17 percent, while reducing global carbon emissions by more than 4 percent through renewable energy projects set to account for 50 percent of the Kingdom’s energy mix by 2030.  

During the meeting, council members highlighted the critical role of land in supporting both human and planetary health. They discussed strategies to raise awareness of the severe impacts of land degradation, desertification, and drought.  

Ibrahim Thiaw, executive secretary of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification, provided key insights to council members, including former presidents Tarja Halonen of Finland, Iván Duque Márquez of Colombia, and Carlos Alvarado Quesada of Costa Rica.  

Other notable participants included Chadian environmental activist Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim and Nasser Baker Al-Kahtani, executive director of the Arab Gulf Program for Development. 

Saudi Arabia’s delegation featured Adel Al-Jubeir, minister of state for foreign affairs and climate affairs envoy, and Osama Ibrahim Faqeeha, deputy minister of environment and adviser to the president of UNCCD COP16.  

The Riyadh event will be the first UNCCD COP to feature a green zone, offering a platform for the public, businesses, financial institutions, NGOs, media, and affected communities to collaborate on solutions to land degradation, desertification, and drought. 


Saudi Arabia, UAE drive expansion of GCC retail sector in GCC: industry report 

Saudi Arabia, UAE drive expansion of GCC retail sector in GCC: industry report 
Updated 26 September 2024
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Saudi Arabia, UAE drive expansion of GCC retail sector in GCC: industry report 

Saudi Arabia, UAE drive expansion of GCC retail sector in GCC: industry report 

RIYADH: The retail sector in the Gulf Cooperation Council is projected to grow at an annual rate of 4.6 percent between 2023 and 2028, primarily fueled by the UAE and Saudi markets, according to a recent analysis by investment banking advisory firm Alpen Capital.

Retail sales in the GCC are expected to rise from $309.6 billion in 2023 to $386.9 billion by 2028.

The UAE and Saudi Arabia are set to see expansions of 5.4 percent and 5.1 percent, respectively, reaching $161.4 billion and $139.1 billion during this period. This growth is attributed to factors such as population increases, rising per capita income, and heightened tourism activities. Strengthening the retail sector is essential for Saudi Arabia as it seeks to position itself as a leading business and tourist destination, aligning with the economic diversification goals outlined in Vision 2030.

In February, Majid Al-Hogail, Saudi Arabia’s minister of municipal and rural affairs and housing, noted that the retail sector contributes 23 percent to the non-oil economy and aims to surpass $122.6 billion by the end of 2024.

“The long-term prospects of the GCC retail industry continue to remain positive owing to economic growth, favorable demographics, relaxation of visa rules, and liberalization policies,” said Sameena Ahmad, managing director of Alpen Capital.

She added that ambitious government agendas for economic diversification are leading to significant advancements in infrastructure and tourism, further enhancing the region’s appeal.

Emerging trends such as “buy now, pay later” options and evolving consumer preferences are also reshaping market dynamics. The report projects that retail sales in Kuwait and Bahrain will grow at a compound annual growth rate of 3.1 percent each from 2023 to 2028, while Qatar and Oman are expected to grow at rates of 2.2 percent and 1 percent, respectively.

Alpen Capital emphasizes that the rising population, particularly with a concentration of expatriates and high-net-worth individuals, is a key driver of GCC retail growth.

“Anticipated pick up in the economic activity and improvement in per capita income is expected to further advance the appetite for global brands and luxury items. Amid expanding infrastructure developments, the GCC economies are establishing themselves as a hub for global business, entertainment, and sporting events,” the report said.

Additionally, religious and cultural tourism significantly contributes to sector growth, attracting many tourists during pilgrimages and festivals. However, the analysis also identifies risks that could hinder growth, such as geopolitical tensions. Vulnerabilities in hydrocarbon revenues, rising geopolitical concerns, and global macroeconomic challenges may pressure the industry. “The region is sensitive to supply-side shocks, which could lead to inflationary pressures and affect consumer spending power,” added Alpen Capital.


Saudi Arabia starts process on 4,500 MW-renewable energy projects

Saudi Arabia starts process on 4,500 MW-renewable energy projects
Updated 26 September 2024
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Saudi Arabia starts process on 4,500 MW-renewable energy projects

Saudi Arabia starts process on 4,500 MW-renewable energy projects

JEDDAH: Saudi Arabia will add 4,500 megawatts of renewable energy to its grid after its procurement agency issued a request for qualifications for the sixth round of solar and wind projects. 

The Saudi Power Procurement Co. outlined the key projects, including the 1,500-MW Dawadmi wind project in the Riyadh region, the 1,400-MW Najran solar project, and two solar initiatives in Jazan — Samtah and Al-Darb — each boasting a capacity of 600 MW. Additionally, the Sufun solar project in Hail will contribute 400 MW to the grid. 

This initiative is part of the National Renewable Energy Program, which is overseen by the Ministry of Energy and aligns with Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 and the King Salman Renewable Energy Initiative.  

The NREP serves as a strategic framework to diversify the Kingdom’s energy sources, stimulate economic development, and promote sustainable stability. By 2030, the program aims for renewable energy to account for nearly 50 percent of the energy mix used for electricity generation.   

It aims to establish a robust renewable energy industry and advance this vital sector while upholding the Kingdom’s commitment to reducing carbon dioxide emissions. 

The SPPC is tasked with conducting preliminary studies, tendering, and procuring electricity generated from energy projects within the Kingdom. So far, projects totaling over 19 gigawatts have been awarded under the NREP. 

In another move earlier this year, the SPPC finalized power purchase agreements valued at SR12.3 billion ($3.3 billion) for three solar photovoltaic projects with ACWA Power Co., Water & Electricity Holding Co., known as Badeel, and Aramco Power.

These solar projects include the Haden Solar PV and Al-Muwaih Solar PV in the Makkah region, each with a capacity of 2,000 MW, alongside the Al-Khushaybi PV project in Qassim Province, which will add 1,500 MW to the grid. 

In February, the SPPC also announced qualified bidders for its fifth round of renewable energy projects, set to add 3,700 MW to the grid. 

A total of 23 companies, including Abu Dhabi Future Energy Co. or Masdar, GEK Terna, and EDF Renewables, were selected for key roles in these initiatives, which further underline the Kingdom’s commitment to expanding its renewable energy landscape. 


UAE’s central bank raises 2024 GDP growth forecast to 4% amid oil sector expansion

UAE’s central bank raises 2024 GDP growth forecast to 4% amid oil sector expansion
Updated 26 September 2024
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UAE’s central bank raises 2024 GDP growth forecast to 4% amid oil sector expansion

UAE’s central bank raises 2024 GDP growth forecast to 4% amid oil sector expansion

RIYADH: The UAE’s central bank has revised up its forecast for the country’s GDP growth in 2024 by 0.1 percentage points in light of expected improvements in the oil sector.

The institution had originally slated 3.9 percent growth for the 12-month period, but is now projecting an expansion of 4 percent.

In its second-quarter economic report, the bank maintained its 2025 growth forecast at 6 percent.

The analysis predicted that the non-hydrocarbon sector will grow by 5.2 percent in 2024, rising to 5.3 percent in 2025, while the hydrocarbon division is expected to see a modest 0.7 percent growth this year, increasing to 7.7 percent in 2025.

The report said: “Growth forecasts continue to be driven by tourism, transportation, financial and insurance services, construction and real estate, and communications sectors; while the current levels of oil production during 2024 partially moderate the overall growth.”

The central bank anticipated strong momentum in the hydrocarbon sector in 2025, with significant production increases. Additionally, it underlined that a rapid decline in interest rates in major advanced economies could boost global demand and encourage capital flows into emerging markets, including the UAE.

The report also revealed that non-hydrocarbon GDP growth stood at 4 percent year-on-year in the first quarter of 2024, down from 6.7 percent in the previous quarter, mainly due to a slowdown in financial and insurance services, real estate activities, construction and manufacturing.

However, the report said that “non-hydrocarbon GDP growth is expected to remain strong at 5.2 percent in 2024 and 5.3 percent in 2025,” mainly driven by strategic plans and policies that the government has undertaken to attract foreign investments and the ongoing structural reforms.

The fiscal balance for the first quarter of the year remained positive at 23.5 billion Emirati dirhams ($6.39 billion), or 4.9 percent of GDP, compared to 23.2 billion dirhams, or 5.1 percent of GDP, in the first quarter of 2023.

The UAE’s consolidated budget revenues grew by 4.3 percent year-on-year in the first quarter to 120.6 billion dirhams, or 24.9 percent of GDP, driven primarily by a 32.5 percent annual increase in tax revenues.

The central bank highlighted that the UAE’s fiscal stability is improving, with tax revenues making up an increasing share of total revenues — rising from 45.8 percent in the first quarter of 2022 to 70 percent in the first quarter of 2024 — mainly due to the recent introduction of corporate taxes.

The report also detailed government spending in the first quarter, saying: “Government expenditure in the first quarter of 2024 totaled 97.1 billion dirhams, or 20 percent of GDP, reflecting a 5 percent year-on-year increase.”

Key spending categories, including employee compensation, goods and services, and social benefits, rose by 6.3 percent, 15.2 percent, and 3.4 percent, respectively. Capital expenditures also saw a significant rise, increasing more than sevenfold to 5.6 billion dirhams.

The Central Bank of the UAE pointed to signs of expansion in the private non-oil sector, with the country’s purchasing managers’ index reaching 53.7 in July, reflecting sustained business confidence. 

Employment data showed that the number of workers covered by the Wage Protection System remained stable year-on-year in June, while average monthly wages increased by 4.8 percent. 

“The 16 non-oil sectors continued their robust growth pattern in Q2 2024, albeit at a more moderate rate,” the report added.

Wholesale and retail trade, manufacturing, and construction remained key pillars of non-oil sector expansion. 

Various comprehensive economic partnership agreements and visa-related initiatives have boosted trade volumes and transactions, while the manufacturing sector “continued to attract greater levels of FDI (foreign direct investment), expanding in line with Operation 300 billion.”

The construction sector also advanced, with numerous new infrastructure projects underway, including Etihad Rail and the Port of Dubai Creek.