Bangladesh was 69 runs short of avoiding the follow-on.
Bowlers Steven Finn and James Anderson exploited damp, overcast conditions to take 4-75 and 2-61 respectively, while Bangladesh's Junaid Siddique made 58 from 113 balls, including nine fours.
After the morning session was abandoned due to rain, play finally began in mid-afternoon. Siddique square cut the fourth ball of the day from Graeme Swann for four, but he added only a single before he was out, caught behind by Matt Prior to a sharply rising delivery from Finn.
Mohammad Ashraful made just 4 before he was trapped lbw by Finn, though television replays suggested the ball would have missed the stumps.
Jaharul Islam was out for 20, edging James Anderson to Prior, and Bangladesh captain Shakib Al Hasan made 25 before edging a delivery behind. Prior failed to take the catch, but the ball deflected off his gloves to England captain Andrew Strauss at first slip.
The evening session was repeatedly interrupted by bad light and in one farcically brief spell of just seven balls England handed the new ball to Finn.
His second delivery ripped out Mushfiqur Rahim's middle stump for 16, prompting the players to go off again. After another six minutes of action play was finally abandoned for good.
