In an apparent breakthrough in the long-standing deadlock between Ankara and Yerevan, the two neighbors have pledged to appoint special envoys to pave the way for the normalization of Turkish-Armenian relations, after nearly three decades of enmity.

As we approach the end of 2021, which is defined as a year of de-escalation and reconciliation, a review of Turkish-Gulf relations is important to give a better understanding of how the relationship has risen from rock bottom to reach a peak within the space of only a year.

The pragmatic rapprochement between Turkey and some Gulf countries symbolizes the end of the cold war between them, and the start of a new era based on de-escalation and diplomacy.